Question No:1

Assertion: Diabetes insipidus is marked by excessive urination and too much thirst for water.
Reason: Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted by the posterior lobe of pituitary gland.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:2

Assertion: Filteration is a selective process performed by the glomerulus using the glomerular capillary blood pressure.
Reason: Blood is filtered through fine pores present in PCT.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:3

Assertion: The antidiuretic hormone increases the water permeability of distal convoluted tubule.
Reason: In absence of ADH, water re-absorption is considerably reduced.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:4

Assertion: Presence of glucose and ketone bodies in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus.
Reason: Malfunctioning of kidney can lead to accumulation of urea in blood a condition called uremia.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:5

Assertion: In the descending limb of loop of Henle, the urine is hypertonic, while in ascending limb of loop of Henle, the urine is Hypotonic.
Reason: Descending limb is impermeable to Na+, while ascending limb is impermeable to H2O.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:6

Assertion: Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons.
Reason: PCT and DCT are situated in cortical region of kidney.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:7

Assertion: Ammonia is excretory product of aquatic amphibian.
Reason: Ammonia is readily soluble in water and require large amount of water for excretion.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:8

Assertion: Urinary bladder and ureters are lined by transitional epithelium.
Reason: Ureters carry the urine to urinary bladder where it is stored temporarily.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:9

Assertion: Kidneys maintain the osmotic concentration of the blood.
Reason: Kidneys eliminate either hypotonic or hypertonic urine according to the need of the body.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:10

Assertion: In vertebrates, the liver is also referred as an accessory excretory organ.
Reason: Liver helps kidneys in the secretion of urine.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:11

Assertion: Sharks are said to be ammonotelic animals.
Reason: Sharks can retain considerable amounts of ammonia in their blood.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:12

Assertion: The glomerular filtrate resembles the protein free plasma in composition and osmotic pressure.
Reason: The glomerular capillary wall and inner membrance of Bowman’s capsule are impermeable to large molecules.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:13

Assertion: PCT reabsorb nearly all essential nutrients and 70-80% of electrolyte and water from filterate.
Reason: PCT is lined with lined with brush border epitelium.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:14

Assertion: Conter current mechanism responsible for concentration of urine..
Reason: Counter current mechanism help to maintain concentration gradient in the medullary interstitium.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false



Question No:15

Assertion: Aldosterone leads to increase in blood pressure.
Reason: Aldosterone causes reabsorbtion of sodium ion and water from distal part of tubules.

[A] If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
[B] If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
[C] If the assertion is true but the reason is false
[D] If both the assertion and reason are false

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